When Edward Jenner injected a 13-year old boy with the cowpox virus in 1798, he set in motion a chain of events that would revolutionize the way humanity fights disease. Vaccination has proven to be the key that has allowed us to eradicate smallpox, which killed 400,000 Europeans every year in the 1800s and prevents the horrors that come with infection to a host of other diseases. But the vaccination story is not only about the historic accomplishments of the past. There are still a number of viruses that man has not yet gotten to grips with.